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Friday, 13 July 2012

Electron Configuration

Electrons are found in shells orbiting the nucleus


The number of electrons found in the atom of an element is shown by its atomic number


Electron Configuration shows us how electrons are arranged in an atom


At GCSE level:
The first shell can contain 2 electrons
The second shell can contain 8 electrons
The third shell can contain 8 electrons
The fourth shell can contain 2 electrons


Here is the electron configuration of the first 20 elements:






Atoms with a full outer shell are stable and unreactive


When an atom reacts, it gains/loses (ionic bonding) or shares (covalent bonding) electrons to achieve a full outer shell


During a chemical reaction, even though the number of electrons changes, the elements remain the same, as it isn't the number of electrons that determines the element - it's the number of protons that does this

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